LTD模块气体开关电极材料烧蚀性能实验

针对直线变压器驱动源(LTD)对开关的长寿命需求,基于前期研制的200kV低抖动多间隙气体开关电极几何参数以及开关通流水平,详细开展了不同电极材料(钼、黄铜、铜钨合金、高密度石墨、304和321不锈钢)的烧蚀性能实验。实验结果表明,在单次电荷转移量15.4mC,脉冲电流20kA条件下,体积烧蚀速率从大到小依次为:石墨、黄铜、铜钨合金、钼、不锈钢。电极烧蚀微观形貌分析表明,不锈钢是用于LTD开关相对较好的电极材料。根据不锈钢电极的体积烧蚀速率,可知理论上LTD开关的运行寿命可以超过1×106次,但前提是开关外壳需保持足够的绝缘强度。     

不可逆三源化学势变换器性能的优化分析

建立受传质和质量漏不可逆性影响的一类三源化学势变换器的新循环模型,分析这些不可逆性对化学势变换器性能的影响,导出性能系数与泵能率间的基本优化关系和其它参数的优化表式,同时确定了化学势变换器一些重要参数的最佳工作区域和性能界限。     

Simultaneous determination of furfural and its degradation products,furoic acid and maleic acid,in transformer oil by the reversed‐phase vortex‐assisted liquid–liquid microextraction followed by high‐performance liquid chromatography

To explore why the use of furfural as a transformer oil‐paper insulation aging characteristic is problematic in real world application, we developed a method for the simultaneous determination of furfural, furoic acid, and maleic acid in transformer oil by reversed‐phase vortex‐assisted liquid–liquid microextraction combined with high‐performance liquid chromatography. The conditions for the proposed method were optimized, and the obtained extract can be directly analyzed by high‐performance liquid chromatography. The detection limits (signal‐to‐noise ratio = 3) of the method ranged from 1.0 to 4.6 μg/L, the enrichment factors for furfural, furoic acid, maleic acid, and fumaric acid were 4.6, 25.1, 15.6, and 17.5, respectively, and the recovery rates for three analytes (fumaric acid was undetected) range from 82.1 to 106.2%. The contents of furfural, furoic acid, and maleic acid resulted from accelerated aging of transformer insulation oil‐paper were measured using the present method for the first time, and the aging samples were analyzed by liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry for the identification of furoic acid and maleic acid in the aging transformer oil samples. Using the optimal method, the target products of samples at different aging time were tracked and measured.     

基于Matlab灰色神经网络的电力变压器故障诊断研究

针对电力变压器故障的特点及传统诊断方法在变压器故障诊断中的局限性,提出了基于灰色神经网络的变压器故障诊断方法.首先将典型油中气体浓度样本集作为参考序列,挖掘出样本集中的故障信息,然后利用灰色神经网络进行变压器的故障诊断.通过大量的实例,并将诊断结果与IEC三比值法和改良三比值法的诊断结果相比较,表明基于matlab灰色神经网络的诊断方法具有更高的精确度.     

Research on optically powered ultra current transformer

In this paper an electro-optic current transformer (CT) is designed which is used for measuring the super-high-voltage station's line current. The measurement system utilizes a conventional CT as the sensing probe whose electronics is optically powered. The paper describes the principle of measurement system, including the system design, optically powered sensing probe, the data link measurement signal processing and results showing current measurement by means of CT.     

声阻抗转换器的研究

描述不均匀传输线中的声反射系数可以归结为求解一种非线性微分方程（Riccati方程），本文探索一条寻找此类方程解析解的新方法，并利用此方法研究了声阻抗转换器，从而大大拓宽了声阻抗转换器阻抗分布的研究范围，作为例子，本文提出了几种阻抗变换形式，并把它们的功率传输效率与已有的均匀及指数型转换器作比较，计算结果表明：当转换器两端与传输介质的阻抗跃变很大时，某些阻抗转换器的传输效率比均匀及指数型转换器高得多．     

脉冲形成线放电过程中Tesla变压器锥形绕组电压分布特性

 介绍了Tesla变压器与脉冲形成线一体化结构的工作原理，实验研究了形成线放电过程中形成的冲击电压波在Tesla变压器锥形次级绕组中的分布特性；给出了输入电压脉宽分别为1 μs，500 ns和100 ns时，锥形绕组中的对地电压和匝间电压分布规律；采用首端并绕、末端并绕和在首端加入屏蔽环三种措施优化绕组结构。结果表明：形成线放电过程中，变压器锥形次级绕组不会明显影响形成线中的电场分布，绕组的对地电压呈线性分布，匝间电压曲线起伏剧烈，首端电压梯度最大；三种优化措施都能抑制电压振荡，首端并绕对降低绕组首端电压梯度最为有效，末端并绕对降低绕组末端电压梯度最有效。     

Optimal performance of a generalized irreversible four-reservoir isothermal chemical potential transformer

A new cyclic model of a four-reservoir isothermal chemical potential transformer with irreversible mass transfer, mass leakage and internal dissipation is put forward in this paper. The optimal relation be-tween the coefficient of performance (COP) and the rate of energy pumping of the generalized irre-versible four-reservoir isothermal chemical potential transformer has been derived by using finite-time thermodynamics or thermodynamic optimization. The maximum COP and the corresponding rate of energy pumping, as well as the maximum rate of energy pumping and the corresponding COP, have been obtained. Moreover, the influences of the irreversibility on the optimal performance of the iso-thermal chemical potential transformer have been revealed. It was found that the mass leakage affects the optimal performance both qualitatively and quantitatively, while the internal dissipation affects the optimal performance quantitatively. The results obtained herein can provide some new theoretical guidelines for the optimal design and development of a class of isothermal chemical potential trans-formers, such as mass exchangers, electrochemical, photochemical and solid state devices, fuel pumps, etc.     

吸收式热变换器的生态学优化性能

1引言热变换器是一种有效节能装置，可直接利用中、低温余热。这已引起许多先进工业国家的重视。近年来，有些学者应用有限时间热力学新理论对其进行优化分析，取得一些比经典热力学理论更为有用的新结论［‘－’］。发现在热变换器的合理工作区域中，供热率越大时拥损率也越大，两者应得到合理的兼顾和折衷，以便使能量得到更有效的利用。一些研究表明，以“生态学准则”研究热力循环的优化性能，可使热力循环的功能率（如热机的功率、热泵的供热率等）与功能率耗散达到最佳的折衷［‘－’］。本文应用此准则对不可逆吸收式热变换器进行优…     

高温涡轮叶片三种内冷通道冷却性能的实验研究

本文用实验方法研究了高温涡轮叶片三种内冷通道的压力分布、冷热态流阻及局部换热系数分布．叶片前部分别采用径向光滑通道、集中冲击冷却和分散冲击冷却三种结构，叶片后部则分别采用三排φ3扰流柱和五排φ2扰流柱稠密布置两种结构．对这三种结构进行了冷却性能比较，提出了该类冷却通道的最佳结构．